A. Background: In recent times, due to increased prices of land, very commonly, real estate developer / contractors may not own lands in their own names. Landowners, on the other hand, may not possess the skillset to develop the land. And thus, both parties enter into a Joint Development Agreement (“JDA”) with the landowner for the development of the land and for the construction of commercial, retail, and residential properties on the land owned by the landowner. Pursuant to a JDA, the developer and the landowner enters into an agreement whereby landowner transfers the land to the developer for development in the form of  ‘land development rights’  in return of a consideration in the form of specific constructed portion out of total constructed area on the entire land. To elaborate further, in accordance with the JDA, the developer and landowner agrees that the landowner shall be entitled to a certain percentage of saleable / leasable area of the total constructed area which ...

  Background: Lot of students from a commerce background faces a challenge in WHY and HOW to read an accounting standard or reporting standard under IFRS, IND AS or under any other GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles). Accounting standard or reporting standard is not a novel or a story which creates interest without relevance. One needs to understand the objective of reporting standards and which principles are enumerated in a reporting standard in order to have interest in the same. In this blog, with respect to a reporting standard, we will understand: Objectives of reading a reporting standard (Why to read a reporting standard?) Contents of a reporting standard Structure of the reporting standard under IFRS How to read it and interpret the same. In this blog, we will evaluate the first two aspects of the above points i.e., why to read a reporting standard and contents of the reporting standard. This will help us to understand the overall content of the reporting stand...

  Background: Entity is engaged in the business of development of a special economic zone and industrial park. For development of SEZ, the Entity has purchased, and Government has awarded large parcels of land to the entity. The Company shall develop the land and shall create infrastructure on such land before selling/ leasing the plots to the other businesses. Thus, some portion of land with the entity will be sold in ordinary course of business and some shall be provided on finance lease. Consequently that land shall be classified and presented as “inventory” as per IAS 2 / Ind AS 2 – Inventories in the books of the entity. Due to some legal issues, there are uncertainties regarding the usage of the land and entity is uncertain about the exact usage of the land i.e., whether it will be sold or given on finance lease or operating lease on the date of reporting. Few queries with respect to the accounting of such property have been raised as below. As a part of this blog, we will an...